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Abstract: This case traces the life of Malcolm X, a leader of the Black Muslims and a powerful voice for black pride, from his birth as Malcom Little in 1925 to his break with the Muslims in 1964. It shows how his philosophy was shaped by his long personal struggle from a childhood of poverty and violence and a youth of crime to his achievement of respectability through the Nation of Islam. This is part of a series of cases that illustrate the uses-of-history method of "placing people"; it may be used in conjunction with Martin Luther King (HKS Case Number 365.0). For further discussion of "placing people," see the Vietnam Advisers abstract.
Learning Objective: This case is meant to provide readers with an understanding of the life of Malcolm X, noting the significant hurdles and challenges that he overcame.